![]() ![]() ![]() In other areas, such as the Sahel, South Asia - home to India, the world's most populous country with 1.43 billion people - and South-East Asia, she warned that food production could be hit by climate change. But climate change in certain areas can make agricultural production better, for instance in the UK and Northern European countries," she added. "Conflict, climate change, it will disrupt food production. "We have the problem of over-consumption and under-consumption", with climate change set to create further disruption, she said. Food production at riskĭr Muttarak said that the key issue is not so much total food production, but a lack of equity distribution. Organisations such as the Centre for Biological Diversity, a US charitable organisation, say that while this is often seen as applicable to poorer nations, greater gender equity in the US, too, "could have a substantial environmental impact". Policies that promote gender equity are seen as one way to limit population growth, because women with greater freedom to choose typically have fewer children.ĭr Muttarak said food production in the Sahel region of Africa could be hit by climate change. "The cumulative impact of such changes could contribute to a more substantial reduction of global population growth in the second half of the century," the organisation said. But actions by governments to reduce fertility could have an effect. Much of the population growth to 2050 will be, the UN stated in the World Population Prospects report, a consequence of past growth "embedded in the youthful age structure of the current population". "These results suggest that population policies could be part of the approach to combating global climate change." ![]() "We find that by 2100 moving from the medium to the low variant of the UN fertility projection leads to 35 per cent lower yearly emissions and 15 percent higher income per capita," they wrote. In a 2017 paper in Environmental Research, economists Gregory Casey of Williams College in the US and Oded Galor of Brown University looked at population growth forecasts and carbon emissions in Nigeria. However, some researchers have argued that achieving slower rates of population growth could be part of a strategy to control carbon emissions. "There’s going to be significantly more emissions in the UK because of the kind of networks and resources they use on a daily basis." Slower rates of population growth "The more people, there’s more pressure on resources, but you cannot compare somebody coming out of poverty living in Ethiopia with somebody living in the UK, for example," she said. Raya Muttarak, professor of demography at the University of Bologna in Italy. Lisa Schipper, professor of development geography at Bonn University in Germany, also noted that "the main population growth is not happening" in the most carbon-intensive regions in the world. "What’s really interesting is that the lowest-income group in the US still emits carbon more than the highest-income group in Africa," she said. ![]() Raya Muttarak, professor of demography at the University of Bologna in Italy, said the real challenge of dealing with climate change is reducing consumption in richer parts of the world. More than half of world population growth until 2050 is expected to occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the most recent World Bank figures indicate that average annual carbon emissions are about 0.7 tonnes per person per year, compared to the global average of 4.3 tonnes.Īs a result, population growth in the coming decades may have less of an impact than it would have had, had it been happening in richer regions. One factor cited by analysts is that population growth – which happens because of the lag between infant mortality falling and people having fewer children – is fastest in parts of the world where consumption is lower. It raises the question of whether population growth, by leading to greater energy demands, higher rates of consumption and travel as well as agricultural expansion will derail efforts to combat climate change. ![]()
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